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UPSC MANPADS - English

MANPADS

Why in News?

The United States and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) are shipping weapons into Ukraine

  • Countries such as India, Pakistan, Germany, UK, Turkey and Israel have also used MANPADS in their defence efforts.
  • Russia is by far the biggest exporter of MANPADs
  • MANPADS are short-range, lightweight and portable surface-to-air missiles that can be fired by individuals or small groups to destroy aircraft or helicopters.
  • They help shield troops from aerial attacks and are most effective in targeting low-flying aircrafts.
      • MANPATs or Man-Portable Anti-Tank Systems work in a similar manner but are used to destroy or incapacitate military tanks.
  • MANPADS have a maximum range of 8 kilometers and can engage targets at altitudes of 4.5 km.
  • The first MANPADS were introduced by the United States and Soviet Union in the 1960s.
  • They are fairly lightweight as compared to other elaborate weapon systems, making them easy to operate by individual soldiers.
  • They can be shoulder-fired, launched from atop a ground-vehicle, fired from a tripod or stand, and from a helicopter or boat.
  • Most of the MANPADS are ‘fire and forget’ guidance systems.
  • The missiles are fitted with infrared (IR) seekers that identify and target the airborne vehicle through heat radiation being emitted by the latter.

 

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